Linux, the open-source operating system that powers millions of devices worldwide, has a fascinating history rooted in the spirit of collaboration, innovation, and the desire for freedom in computing. From its humble beginnings to becoming a global force in the tech industry, Linux has continually evolved, shaped by the contributions of countless developers and the principles of open-source software.
Linus Torvalds, the creator of Linux, began working on the project in 1991 when he was a student at the University of Helsinki in Finland. Torvalds initially developed Linux as a hobby, inspired by the Unix operating system. He aimed to create a free and open-source alternative to Unix.
Common linux family
Debian
Debian, established in 1993, is a renowned free and open-source operating system recognised for its stability and flexibility. It adheres to the Debian Free Software Guidelines, prioritising software freedom. With a diverse community and democratic decision-making, Debian is a reliable, secure, and adaptable OS widely used in server and desktop environments, forming the basis for various Linux distributions.
Some of the OS that were based on debian are:
- Ubuntu
- Pop!_ OS
- Zorin OS
- Kali Linux
Redhat
Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is a leading operating system for enterprise computing, developed by Red Hat, Inc. Known for its stability, scalability, and robust security features, RHEL serves as a reliable platform for businesses across various industries. With a focus on performance optimisation and long-term stability, it has become a preferred choice for critical workloads, servers, and applications. The open-source nature of RHEL, combined with Red Hat’s commitment to enterprise-grade solutions, has led to widespread adoption and enduring success in the competitive landscape of enterprise computing. Some of the Redhat based OS examples are:
- CentOS
- Fedora
- Rocky Linux
- AlmaLinux
- Oracle Linux
Arch Linux
Arch Linux, launched in 2002 by Judd Vinet, is a lightweight, highly customisable distribution known for its simplicity and user-centric approach. It operates on a rolling-release system, allowing users to stay up-to-date without reinstallation. Arch follows the KISS (Keep It Simple, Stupid) principle, providing a base system for users to build and customise according to individual preferences and due to this approach many beginners find it hard to start their linux journey on Arch Linux. This hands-on approach attracts Linux enthusiasts seeking flexibility, performance, and control over their system components. Few of Arch linux based OS are:
- Manjaro Linux
- Artix Linux
- ArcoLinux
- Archman Linux
- EndeavourOS
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